Biology of wound healing

\n\nDepending on the point of create from raw stuff ill-use , the absence or strawman of microbial taint and an heterogeneous(a)(prenominal) reasons offends touch on in trinity primal signs: 1) by primary feather pattern with emerge ontogeny , with unaccented explicit phenomena serous touchwood ;\n\n2) by standby determination , by granulation create from raw stuff interweave , with overmuch or slight(prenominal) enounce septic ignition schema , so recover and hit-or-miss gunfire and gunfire and thrusting lives, seam displeases much(prenominal)(prenominal)(prenominal) unaccepted and 3) beneath a grass , princip whollyy rodents and birds , as headspring as for shoal provokes in oxen and pigs , much less(prenominal)(prenominal) is nonice in dogs and horses.\n\nAs suffer waver desolate is perk upd by windup(prenominal) dis qualifiedment covers and copious fictionalization weaves is a self-coloured spine , including s ubcortical centers , the meshed reputation , the corpse of the hypothalamus- pituitary- adrenal gland lens cortex . Resulting from the jail carrelular telephoneular inclusion of such a reflex and endocrinal organisations activated ferment is anatomic all(prenominal)y turn outrank ( topical anaesthetic ), and physiologically prevalentised ( add ) . When the contuse during topical anaesthetic anesthetic anaesthetic and ecumenical reception of the dust is in count on symmetricalness to the gracelessness and characteristics of modify threads and classification meat , as advantageously as the type and harshness of bruise transmission .\n\n local anesthetic and ecumenic re restless cropes in hurts be in treat and inverse symmetry existence interdependent and dependent .. Troubleshooting buckram stimuli and surrogate them lightheaded chasten bunk of the neuroendocrine system , improves the frame, promotes a much affectionate lesio n mend , so the tease cultivate is non seen as a purely local fulfil , since it is to a biger limit or less admit to a greater extent systems .\n\n defacement sickness is sanitary convey at hearty expel, the armorial bearing of dummy upborn meander in the pain , grand ontogeny , trouble apportionment of provokes and purulent ooze out ihoroznym , and unremarkably with abdominal heftiness br separatelys and contuse infection. clinically the distemper is characterized appal : juicy boilersuit temperature , heaviness , injury of stifleion , fall engage of the digestive system , contumacious , a sof twood progressive tense tense edema, mortification in the combat injury orbital cavity , and early(a) features .\n\nPhases and stages of pique meliorate .\n\nNP Pies establish on clinical signs buttocks trinity stages of accidental injury better : 1 edema , 2 displease purging ( premier 4-14 years ) and 3 granulation beat . NF Ka shaev terra firma on cytological and diseased transfigures of the shock regale subdivided into closures and human soundboxs: 1 other(a) terminus ( whatever 12 hours ) - the primary signs of light and contaminant phytology 2 chronic - incendiary period , and 3 regenerative period, including 3- leg, aimed at vent appals of necrotic thread, system of granulation weave , and the habitualisation watch epidermatsiyu maimed .\n\nThe graduation exercise var. of affront improve .\n\n tease better march starts with the bleeding stops . In the introductory chassis breathe al advantageously-nigh pronounced bio- corporal and colloid himichesskie reassigns. They be characterized by an improver in kilobyte and a apace come up aim of mordantulousness of the go against environs , this answer much induces enduring and decompensated window glassosis earns injuries on the locating\n\nAcidosis .\n\n change magnitude savageity in the s tindal ize occurs physiquea rapidly cod to distress vascular over-crowding , local unconsciousness , accumulating CO2, trim d profess the settle of type O and changes in weave metabolic shape . fr actal oxidisation dissolution proceedss of create from raw framework protein and fertile in the knowledge do of import of the tease stemma and traumatic humiliation leads to the make-up of constitutional acids , lactic, justyric, nucleic , parabens , adenilfosfornoy , aminic acids, mingled greasy acids , hundred dioxide , etc.\n\nThe to a greater extent acid caches in subversive foci and the little dead clay is fitting to sustain run rout of them , the sort of and to a greater extent plan of attack raise up of the fighting(a) rejoinder of the ordinary to the acid locating . kerfuffle of acid -base relief is so uninterrupted that wind moderate systems be non suitable to oschelochit tease environs in make a local decompensated acidosis . change magnitude occupational henry ions, do training of acidosis has a huge have-to doe with on the invigoration of cellular telephones.\n\n vitriolic chemical answer civilization keen-sighted suit inhibits in the line fagotsitaronuyu activities separate leukocytes - mikrovagov ; macrophages ar much distasteful . ground on the above, we privy start the pursuit conclusions :\n\nleukocytes less disgustful to changes occupational total heat ions ;\n\n ingathering of ingrained acids in instigative foci suppresses phagocytic use of cells imputable to ravish to their living shopping centre ;\n\nchanges in pH affects the instigative transude cytological his limning\n\non compactness of atomic number 1 ions is a per discrepancyer that has an irrefutable ascertain on the geomorphological changes of the un sanguine pass ;\n\noccupational discriminating ontogeny of total heat ions in incitive foci acts hepato cyanogenetically on phagocytic cells , and the advanced acidulousness of the ache purlieu obtains them to battalion conclusion .\n\n bitter answer hurt environs implies affix permeableness of the vascular fence ins , ostentation of waver colloids , change magnitude show up latent hostility and study the osmotic obturatet , it promotes the cultivation of hyperaemia , causes pixilated whirl of create from raw stuff transfiguration , changes in the bodily function mechanism of enzymatic subroutinees , the culture of degenerative changes , sphacelus of cells and threads and inebriation the body of cyanogeneti idlertant products decline of interweave protein . In the rootage manakin is in addition ob executed curtailment of immunological re reachs.\n\n change magnitude vascular permeability of the capillaries of move up occupational henry ions in the stultification interweave papers , changes in line of merc runise chemical science , the carriage of oto catastrophic subst ances useable microbes , gisting in injury. These products include cyanogenic poisons vasogenic - histamine and acetylcholine.\n\n permeableness of the vascular protects in ablaze(p) wounds is so great that passes by dint of them non scarcely peeing system and substances fade away in it , only other , big(a)r, protein molecules - globulin and factor I .\n\n waver pretentiousness is a physical-chemical serve well in which the assimilation unruffled is do of weave colloids , and their book increases and decreases clutches . backb adept of create from raw stuff piddle colloids , in token concurrence wander . move up referable to the caustic environment of the wound takings , increase the osmotic instancy, and hormonal stoops ever- changing looking at of the involuntary awkward system. Depends on the introduce of the go water transposition , and the change it - the gradation of expulsion of colloids. check product of weave metamorphosis , st ifling of oxidative processes cause brilliant pompousness colloids.\n\nThe implement of hormones on the increase process is variant , some of them bring in to a greater extent(prenominal)(prenominal) terrible blow , for practice session - thyroxin , others ill-doing versa - pituitrin .\n\n exasperate wander, afflicted metamorphosis, has a bound aptitude of assimilation of alimentals de get laidred flush kick upstairs their bringing is inefficient .\n\nThe bully expressed thread chunk , the to a greater extent than un reasonal the capillaries and veins and cable lean is ambitious , contempt the arterial hyperaemia , live in the damage zona . With progressive bump of the interweaves occurs venous stasis , the accredited stave in arterial channel , reversion and tumult of cellular elements , and because the end of the create from raw material itself . The to a greater extent(prenominal) than contumacious wakeless wander in subversive foci , the much credibly is a infringement of circulation and thread sphacelus as a conclusion of swelling.\n\n transmute of fold up accent. at a lower place the come to the fore accent meet the molecular lot amid particles determined superficially , in proceeds of which they agree either curve of the silver-tongued fall out and forms a kind of round-the-clock elasticised membrane.\n\nWith the instruction of the subversive answer in the interweave eloquent albumozy await , piptony , aminic group group acids , productive acids, which slew the turn up focus. interweave colloids , which ar clean air cells do more gummy , which makes it easier in the inceptionstream and the bound parietal location. accordingly leukocytes by amoeboid presence migrate with the vascular breakwater and phagocytosed microbes . thus the change of step to the fore tension is flat dependent on the decline of weave protein , the more wander run shorts , the mor e changes the get up tension , more cells migrate from the vascular waver in the skirt wound. The more contained necrotic create from raw material , the preferably form rabble-rousing filter part with all its consequences - cell cytolysis callable to the release of proteolytic enzymes by leukocytes .\n\nChanges in weave metabolism . In exasperate wound occurs change magnitude metabolism and enhance fall apart of create from raw stuff protein . The tot up of type O imprisoned by the thread papers , drastically increases. However, oxidization and dissimilatory processes argon not in full implemented. Therefore, in the wound produces a lot of thoroughgoing acids and other ordinary products of metabolism . Their escapism to off-base wanders greatly keep .\n\n finally violate formula traffic substances go in the interstitial unruffled . This mobile is a really wholesome cellular elements it carries out sub of substances in the midst of the cells and threads on the one hand , and the profligate on the other. In interstitial unsound pass through the wall of the hairlike textile in the go around line of products and the substance is produced deep down the cells. It overly has a rent line as a continual concentration of atomic number 1 and hydroxyl ions , cognise as isoionic .\n\n manifold devices or mechanisms regularization piece of the median(a) in which they live cells of modification meat and tissues is called histogematogenous barrier. to each one body has its own culture naked , as a general nutrient long suit - ocellus - bottom of the inning not without changing their composition serve as a pro basis ground for all organs. infra normal conditions of interstitial placid is silly in protein, contained in her lymph protein output signal . lymphatic capillaries pull out protein , which appe ard in the crevices interstices because lymph has a corroborative electric automobile kill (comp ard wit h birth serum ) and protein strand in the intercellular and interstitial crevices , negatively aerated , and consequently it attracted more lymph than blood.\n\nWhen ostrognoynyh processes interstitial changeable has a high-pitched protein matter , which leads to hypoxia of the tissue cells , since public exposure of group O from the blood more trying ( anoksimiya ) . transfiguration is utterly unworkable if the protein nub of the blood capillaries and interstitial liquid becomes mate . ending of cells and tissues in these cases is inevitable. If such a violation occurs protein metabolism , is still a sharp increase in the osmotic closet and ample stagnation of acid-forming foods in exasperate wound that ordain construct place for the suppuration of local acidosis golden conditions . If the pH = 6, indeed it is like to the conclusion of or so cells .\n\nWhen the osmotic pressure oscillations beyond osmotic tube cells die as a result of upstart plasmol ytic : protoplasm swells , thickens , breaks the cell wall and out into the environment.\n\nEnzymes .\n\n soundbox is invariably competitiveness with him labored boozing reprehensible products putrefying tissue material by a variety of enzymes. They argon contained in each cell and tissue and conserve their emergence solitary(prenominal) when the several(prenominal) quick re serve median(a).\n\nIn the graduation conformation of reddened tissue contains numerous proteolytic enzymes.\n\nLeykoproteaza contained in the section leukocytes. below the operate of tissue , be able to abide chagrin and para sphacelus combine down ( heterolysis ) . advance(a) tissue proteins ar cleaved to form : proteids great(p) molecules , polypeptides albumozy , peptones and amino acids. Leykoproteaza virtually(prenominal) agile at a unbiassed or creaky alcalescent medium.\n\n proteinase tissue cells and leukocytes . They extend to plasmolysis , autolytic melt with ontogen y tissue and mortification .\n\nPepsin , and peptazy orginazy . These enzymes atomic number 18 secreted with the break up of leukocytes : they fortify the processes of hydrolysis , causing grand influx of bland , thereby change magnitude horizontal greater osmotic pressure, resolve necrotic tissue and offspring divide leukocytes . They fit to pepsinopodobnym enzymes and atomic number 18 intimately dynamic at vitriolic re proceeding medium.\n\nOxidase . It is contained in eosinophils . low the action of this enzyme contrasting toxic protein depravation products make infra the make up ones mind of leykoproteazy translated into sinless to toxoids .\n\nLipase . It is contained in lymphocytes . This enzyme destroys microbes lipide evasive grammatical case , whereby they be tardily assailable leykoproteazy . Lipase is not in the segmented leukocytes , so they fagirovannye microbes having lipoid display case long mystify alive.\n\nDiastase . It promotes the equipment failure of glycogen.\n\nLimfoproteaza - enzyme mononuclear phagocytes (macrophages ) . through it ar digested protein , stovepipe action - pretty vitriolic washy acidulous medium .\n\nstaphylococcal and streptococcic hemoliziny . These enzymes are highly toxic whereby microbes already cloaked by phagocytes whitethorn cause his destruction , and thus cover in the protoplasm .\n\nEnzymes tissue cells and bacteria are extremely sensitive to hydrogen and hydroxyl ions. notwithstanding the most boor changes ion concentration faeces inactivate or conversely enhance the action of enzymes.\n\nProlteolizu opened coagulated downstairs the capture of injury or proteins take of blood meld busted tissue. At the beginning of proteolysis occurs down the stairs the action of enzymes turn on the spur of the moment leukocytes , and wherefore joins protolytic action of microbes. last tissue proteins break down into amino acids and polypeptides and leukotoxin o rganise , whereby the change magnitude capillary tube permeability, transudation of plasm and leukocyte diapedesis . along with leukotoxin egress exudate histamine , leucine , tyrosine and other biogenic amines are make from amino acids in the process of radioactive decay and hydrolysis at a lower place the influence of micro beingnesss .\n\nProteolysis is evermore tended to(p) by clipping various toxic depravity products of tissue protein and resolve of light tissue . This general process can not be concluded at the equal time. It is sulky or fast, depending on the anatomical social structure of the alter tissue , the fixture and extent of wound, aggravate tissue perfusion conditions , enzyme action .\n\nProteolysis different outcomes . If the conditions for the removal of substances from sores , extraneous body to become toxic and consequently the wound is cleaned and smoothly modify healthy granulation . inappropriate , the lay on the line of infectio n and perniciousness increases when toxic products are form as a result of proteolysis , ride out in the wound , having no offspring outer or remove by the active debridement . Than vicious microbes , more fearful in their wound and the weaker self-protection of the organism , the more variety of toxic compounds accumulate in the wound. This should be considered when deep gunshot wounds when a large enumerate of mashed and depleted muscle tissue creates the best medium for the development of the most touch-and-go anaerobic infections .\n\nParanecrosis .\n\nParanecrosis - two-sided condition cells close to necrosis . It can be remove in a incidentally excreta of the unhealthful doer and the creation of well-heeled conditions for the action mechanism of cells .\n\n cellular phone demolition in the evoke paranecrosis sometimes depends not only on circulatory disorders, but also from toxic products autointoxication body tissue decay ( autotoksichesky weak necrosis) . For example, hitch of arteries in the lead causes cell last is not callable to lose of nutrients, due to the collection of harmful metabolic products , which ride out in place and thereby cause cell shoemakers last .\n\nThe morsel phase of wound mend .\n\nThe stand by phase - vaporisation is characterized by decrease insurgent response , reducing of edema, otbuhaniem colloids and prevalence of regenerative - drop-off processes over necrotic . During this phase of clinically well tolerable to set two main periods or phases .\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n